Laser pointers are readily available in stores today but with that availability comes concern about eye safety. The light energy that some laser pointers can deliver into the eye may be more damaging than staring directly into the sun, says the American Optometric Association in a new position statement on the use of laser pointers.

Many laser pointers on the market are less powerful but it is important that consumers read and understand the labels. The association advises consumers to look for a laser pointer that is labeled Class II and operates with a wavelength between 630 and 680 nm. In no case should a laser pointer have a maximum output of greater than 5 mW, the association says.

When used properly, the risk of eye injury from an appropriately manufactured and labeled laser pointer is extremely low. When laser pointers fall into the hands of children or irresponsible adults, however, the potential for eye injury increases. There have been reports, for example, of children staring directly into a laser beam.

Directing a laser beam at a person's eyes also poses other safety hazards, the association says. Even momentary exposure from a laser pointer can cause discomfort and temporary visual impairment. There can be glare, similar to that encountered with oncoming headlights at night; flashblindness, such as from a flashbulb; and afterimages, which involve the perception of spots in the field of vision. This temporary visual impairment can be dangerous if the person is driving a car, piloting a plane, participating in a sporting event or engaged in any vision-critical activity.

Glare ceases when the laser beam disappears. Flashblindness and afterimages may last for several minutes. If afterimages persist for several hours or if a disturbance in vision is apparent, an eye examination should be performed to determine if there is any permanent eye injury.

For safe use of laser pointers, the association offers these guidelines:

• When buying a laser pointer, choose one that is labeled Class II and operates with a wavelength between 630 and 680 nm. Maximum output should be less than 5 mW.
• Before you use a laser pointer, either yours or someone else's, read the label carefully.
• Never point the laser at another person.
• Do not allow children to use laser pointers unless under adult supervision and never as toys.
• Never look directly into the laser beam.
• Never view a laser pointer using an optical instrument, such as binoculars or a microscope.